This isn’t exactly the latest news, and doesn’t effect the CCIE Voice Lab exam (although it very well may effect the new CCNP Voice exams), however I am hearing more and more how people are upgrading their Voice routers with newer 15.x IOS code, and not realizing how existing (working) VoIP calls are being broken due to new, intelligent feature default configurations.
Last July, Cisco decided (wisely, IMHO) to create a new style of Toll-Fraud prevention to keep would-be dishonest people from defrauding a company by placing calls through their...
About the ProtocolThe algorithm used for this advanced Distance Vector protocol is the Diffusing Update Algorithm.
The metric is based upon Bandwidth and Delay values.
For updates, EIGRP uses Update and Query packets that are sent to a multicast address.
Split horizon and DUAL form the basis of loop prevention for EIGRP.
EIGRP is a classless routing protocol that is capable of Variable Length Subnet Masking.
Automatic summarization is on by default, but summarization and filtering can be accomplished anywhere inside the network.
Neighbor...
In our recent Implement Layer 2 Technologies series, we examined Q-in-Q tunneling in great detail. In this discussion, I mentioned a big caution about the Service Provider cloud with 802.1Q trunks in use for switch to switch trunking. This caution involved the use of an untagged native VLAN.
You see, this configuration could lead to what is known as the VLAN hopping attack. Here is how it works:
A computer criminal at a customer site wants to send frames into a VLAN that they are not part of.
The evil-doer double tags the frame (Q-in-Q) with...
The Cisco Unified Communications feature called Mobile Connect (also familiarly referred to as Single Number Reach) is truly a great feature of Unified Communications Manager, and can provide us with many efficiencies both in being able to be reachable just about anywhere, and in being able to be easily identified when placing inbound calls from our mobile phones into the CUCM cluster to our colleagues. As admins, we know that if we wish to have our users place calls from their mobile phones inbound to their colleagues inside the CUCM...
Catalyst switch port security is so often recommended. This is because of a couple of important points:
There are many attacks that are simple to carry out at Layer 2
There tends to be a gross lack of security at Layer 2
Port Security can guard against so many different types of attacks such as MAC flooding, MAC spoofing, and rouge DHCP and APs, just to name a few
I find when it comes to port security, however, many students cannot seem to remember...
EIGRP for IP: Basic Operation and Configuration by Russ White and Alvaro Retana
I was able to grab an Amazon Kindle version for about $9, and EIGRP has always been one of my favorite protocols.
The text dives right in to none other than the composite metric of EIGRP and it brought a smile to my face as I thought about all of the misconceptions I had regarding this topic from early on in my Cisco studies. Let us review some key points regarding this metric and hopefully put some of your own misconceptions to rest.
While we are taught since...
AbstractThis publication discusses the spectrum of problems associated with transporting Constant Bit Rate (CBR) circuits over packet networks, specifically focusing VoIP services. It provides guidance on practical calculation for voice bandwidth allocation in IP networks, including the maximum bandwidth proportion allocation and LLQ queue settings. Lastly, the publication discusses the benefits and drawbacks of transporting CBR flows over packet switched networks and demonstrates some effectiveness criteria.
IntroductionHistorically, the...
IntroductionBGP (see [0]) is the de-facto protocol used for Inter-AS connectivity nowadays. Even though it is commonly accepted that BGP protocol design is far from being ideal and there have been attempts to develop a better replacement for BGP, none of them has been successful. To further add to BGP’s widespread adoption, MP-BGP extension allows BGP transporting almost any kind of control-plane information, e.g. to providing auto-discovery...
Have you ever been on your GradedLabs rack of equipment and wanted to test a particular feature or set of configurations, but you certainly do not want to keep these changes on the rack? Perhaps this is because you are right in the middle of solving a Volume 2 lab and you certainly cannot have that configuration impacted.
Thanks to the very handy config replace command, you can easily rollback almost instantly to your previous saved...
Problem StatementA popular task in CCIE-level scenarios requires creating an access-list matching a set of prefixes using the minimum number of access-list entries. Typically, such scenarios were relatively easy, so figuring out a combination of subnet prefix and wildcard mask was more or less intuitive. However, a good question would be if there exist a generic algorithm for constructing such “minimal” access-lists. To give you a better feel of the problem, let’s start with an example. Look at the following access-list matching nine different...
we examined Cisco’s implementation of Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS) in some detail. One blog that I promised our students was more information about how large enterprises or Internet Service Providers can enhance the scalbility of this solution.
First, let us review the issues that influence its scalability. We covered these in the course, but they are certainly worth repeating here.
Remember that VPLS looks just like an Ethernet switch to the customers. As such, this solution can suffer from the same issues that could hinder a Layer...
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CCIE Security Version 4
Cisco Finally updated CCIE Security Lab exam blueprint. WSA Ironport and ISE devices are added in CCIE Security Version 4 Lab Exam Syllabus Blueprint. In Updated CCIE Security Version 4 Syllabus blueprint, new technologies like Mobile Security, VoIP Security and IPV6 Security along with Network Security, are added. As in CCIE Security Version 3 blueprint, Cisco had focused on Network Security only, but now as per market demand, Cisco is looking forward to produce Internet gear Security Engineer, not only Network Security engineers.
In CCIE Security Version 4 Bluerpint, Lab Exam is going to be more interested than before. What is Difference in CCIE Security Version 3 and Version 4? Just go through the CCIE Security Version 4 Lab Equipment and Lab Exam Syllabus Blueprints and find out!
