Network Bulls
Cisco Training Institute in India
CCNA | CCNP | CCNP Security | CCNP Voice | CCIE R&S | CCIE Security | CCIE Voice
CCIE Security latest dumps 350-018 Actual Tests 5.4
Network Bulls
Cisco Training Institute in India
CCNA | CCNP | CCNP Security | CCNP Voice | CCIE R&S | CCIE Security | CCIE Voice
Recession proof career for Btech BE BCA Graduates, Recession free
Recession Proof Career in Networking
Which career is Recession Proof?
Is Networking a Recession Proof Career?
Which field is best to choose for a fresher Btech, BCA, B.E. graduate?
Is CCIE R&S or CCIE Security a recession proof career?
If we talk about Networking Domain, there are lot of sub domains in it. Engineers are taking Microsoft or Redhat or Cisco Certifications as their career options. Btech BE Graduates are actually now a days exploring some options for their bright career, for a better startup. Today, So many engineers are coming out with Btech and BE degrees in their hands, but with no job. The reason behind is, that they didn't get expertise in any field. They are just like any other Btech graduate. They need a Certification to start their career.
Career Options:
Cisco Career Certifications, give candidates a chance to start their career in one of the most respected domains in IT, i.e. Networking. Networking is actually known as a recession free domain. Cisco Networking Certifications is best option to add, with your degree. A Btech/BE or even a BCA graduate can also go for Cisco Certification to start their career in Networking or Network Security domain.
Many engineers want to go in IT Security/Network Security or Networking field, but they really don't know that which Certification or course, they should choose to boost their career.
Cisco Certifications will help fresher Btech, BCA, BE graduates to get a good job without experience.
A fresher B.Tech. BCA or BE candidate can choose CCIE R&S or CCIE Security Certifications to start their career.
There are a lot of Certification courses offered by Cisco, to start your career in Networking, like CCNA, CCNP, CCNP Security/CCSP, CCIE Security, CCIE R&S etc.
If a candidate want to start their career with starting package of atleast 7 lacs per annum, then they can choose CCIE Security Certification. A fresher Graduate can expect a minimum package of 7 Lacs after clearing CCIE Security Lab Certification. Even if candidate fails in Lab exam, then still he/she can expect a minimum package of 3 Lacs.
If a candidate want to start his first job with a starting package of 5Lacs per annum. He/She can go for CCIE R&S Certification. Here in these certifications, you have power to choose your own packages, but in order get those packages, you have to study hard.
CCIE R&S Certified engineer as a fresher can expect 5Lacs starting package, whereas a CCIE Security or CCIE Voice fresher can expect 7 Lacs starting package.
CCIE Security or CCIE Voice, which is better?
CCIE Security vs CCIE Voice/Service Provider
Students are getting confused in choosing track for their CCIE and the reason behind is, that they are getting confused in between CCIE Security and CCIE Voice, some are even thinking about CCIE Wireless also.
In India, if we talk about salaries offered to fresher CCIE engineers, then Salary packages of a fresher CCIE Security engineer is around 7 Lacs per annum, whereas CCIE Voice freshers can expect around 8-10 Lacs Package as a fresher. Students should choose their field as per their area of interest. There are no jobs for CCIE Service Provider or CCIE Wireless freshers.CCIE Salary in India for fresher depends upon expertize of student, as CCIE Security and CCIE Voice booms are still about to come. Experienced CCIE Security Engineer can get upto 30 Lacs package, depending upon his experience. Experienced CCIE Voice engineer can expect upto 40 Lacs package, depending upon the experience. But there are no experienced CCIE engineers in the market, that is the reason companies have to recruit fresher CCIE's.
Choosing CCIE Wireless or Service Provider as a fresher is really a bad option, because companies are not hiring Service provider or Wireless or data Center freshers. There are no CCIE Wireless jobs available in India as a fresher.
One more reason for choosing CCIE Security or Voice is that, there are many jobs available in Indian market for CCIE Security or Voice freshers. More then 70,000 CCIE Security and CCIE Voice Engineers are needed all over the globe, where as there are only around 3,500 available, as per December 2011 statistics and demand is likely to be increased in coming years.
Its just a starting time of boom in CCIE Security or CCIE Voice jobs in India. In coming times, CCIE Security engineers will get more opportunities. Career in CCIE Security is bright. CCIE Salary in India, for a fresher is still more then average MBA or Mtech or MCA engineers. So, doing CCIE Security or CCIE Voice after Btech or BCA is best option to choose for a fresher candidate.
CCIE Salary in India
As a fresher, a CCIE Security Certified engineer can expect a minimum of 7Lacs per annum. Whereas, after two years of experience, salary can grow upto 15-20Lacs, depending upon your up gradations and level of learning during job. But if we talk about CCIE Service Provider, then a company won't hire a fresher, because of tough job responsibilities in these tracks.
But doing CCIE security or CCIE voice firstly and then getting some experience and getting Service Provider or Data Center as next option for Dual CCIE is best option. If we talk about CCIE Voice Salary Package as a fresher, then he can also expect 8-10 lacs package.
In Security track, jobs are available more then any other track. So a Candidate, who is not able to get CCIE Certification, can also expect a starting package of around 3 Lacs minimum. But he/she should have good level of knowledge.
If a candidate don't have CCIE Security Lab certification, but have knowledge of CCIE Security, then candidate can expect starting package of 3Lacs as a fresher.
Six months Industrial Training in Networking
Network Bulls provides Industrial Training in networking courses in Delhi. Students can apply for 6 months Industrial Training in Networking, where they will learn to configure, maintain and manage Cisco Networks on real Cisco Networking equipments like Routers, Switches and Firewalls.
2 Months Industrial Training
S.No | Course | Fee | Duration |
1 | Cisco Certified Network Associate | 7000 | 1-1/2 Months |
2 | Microsoft Certified System Administrator | 10000 | 1-1/2 Months |
3 Months Industrial Training
S.No | Course | Fee | Duration |
1 | CCNA + MCSE | 16000 | 3 Months |
2 | CCNA + CCNP | 30000 | 3 Months |
6 Months Industrial Training with 100% Job Placement Guarantee
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1 | CCNA + CCNP + CCSP | 55,000* | 6 Months |
2 | CCNA + CCNP + BGP + MPLS | 55,000* | 6 Months |
NETWORK BULLS.
B-11 OLD DLF,
Sector-14,
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www.networkbulls.com.
For any queries regarding registration or training, you may contact at
| E-mail: | info@networkbulls.com |
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6 Months Industrial Training in Networking
Btech, BE, BCA freshers can do Cisco Networking courses in their six months industrial training during their graduation. Freshers candidates will get extra benefit in their placements and in other interviews after doing Cisco Networking Certifications as a part of their Industrial Training.
Fresher Btech/BCA Candidates with Cisco Certifications in hand can get upto 8Lacs starting package. Networking and Network Security are best fields to choose for a shining career.
A fresher Btech CCIE R&S Candidate can get upto 6 Lacs starting package, whereas BCA, Bcom or other graduates can expect 5 Lacs starting package after CCIE R&S Certification.
A fresher Btech candidate with CCIE Security Certification, can expect a starting package of 8 Lacs, whereas non-technical graduates like Bcom/BA can expect 6.5 Lacs starting package as freshers.
CCIE R&S Path: A candidate need to start from CCNA Training, which is basic of Networking, then a candidate can move forward to CCNP and then finally candidate can do CCIE R&S after that. It will take around 6 months to complete CCNA, CCNP and CCIE after that.
CCIE Security Path: A candidate first need to go through CCNA and CCNP, which will provide you knowledge about Network implementation. Which is very necessary, you really need to know how a network actually works, in order to secure it. Then you can do CCNA Security and CCNP Security after that. Which will help you understand Hacking risks and tricks, and indepth knowledge about Firewalls, IPS devices and VPN's. After Successful completion of CCSP, you can move forward to CCIE Security. It will take around 9 Months to do CCIE Security, including CCNA, CCNP, CCNA Security and CCSP.
Network Bulls offers CCIE R&S and CCIE Security Integrated programs for freshers and experienced engineers, with 100% Job placement guarantee.
Network Bulls provides 100% Job placement guarantee at package of minimum 5 Lacs after CCIE R&S.
Network Bulls provides 100% Job placement guarantee at package of minimum 8 Lacs after CCIE Security.
CCIE R&S Training details:
Programs covered: CCNA, CCNP, CCIE
Training Fee: Rs85,000/- (including taxes and books)
Duration: 6 Months
CCIE Security Training details:
Programs covered: CCNA, CCNP, CCNA Security, CCNP Security, CCIE Security
Training fee: Rs1,50,000/- (including taxes and books)
Duration: 9 Months
Network Bulls
Fresher Btech/BCA Candidates with Cisco Certifications in hand can get upto 8Lacs starting package. Networking and Network Security are best fields to choose for a shining career.
A fresher Btech CCIE R&S Candidate can get upto 6 Lacs starting package, whereas BCA, Bcom or other graduates can expect 5 Lacs starting package after CCIE R&S Certification.
A fresher Btech candidate with CCIE Security Certification, can expect a starting package of 8 Lacs, whereas non-technical graduates like Bcom/BA can expect 6.5 Lacs starting package as freshers.
CCIE R&S Path: A candidate need to start from CCNA Training, which is basic of Networking, then a candidate can move forward to CCNP and then finally candidate can do CCIE R&S after that. It will take around 6 months to complete CCNA, CCNP and CCIE after that.
CCIE Security Path: A candidate first need to go through CCNA and CCNP, which will provide you knowledge about Network implementation. Which is very necessary, you really need to know how a network actually works, in order to secure it. Then you can do CCNA Security and CCNP Security after that. Which will help you understand Hacking risks and tricks, and indepth knowledge about Firewalls, IPS devices and VPN's. After Successful completion of CCSP, you can move forward to CCIE Security. It will take around 9 Months to do CCIE Security, including CCNA, CCNP, CCNA Security and CCSP.
Network Bulls offers CCIE R&S and CCIE Security Integrated programs for freshers and experienced engineers, with 100% Job placement guarantee.
Network Bulls provides 100% Job placement guarantee at package of minimum 5 Lacs after CCIE R&S.
Network Bulls provides 100% Job placement guarantee at package of minimum 8 Lacs after CCIE Security.
CCIE R&S Training details:
Programs covered: CCNA, CCNP, CCIE
Training Fee: Rs85,000/- (including taxes and books)
Duration: 6 Months
CCIE Security Training details:
Programs covered: CCNA, CCNP, CCNA Security, CCNP Security, CCIE Security
Training fee: Rs1,50,000/- (including taxes and books)
Duration: 9 Months
Network Bulls
B-11, Old DLF, Sector-14, Near Kalyani Hospital 15 minutes drive from IGI Delhi Airport
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CCIE R&S
CCIE R&S is highest level Certification in Cisco Networking in Routing and Switching technologies, offerd by Cisco. CCIE is most respected certification in Networking industry. There is no further Certification after CCIE R&S in Routing and Switching track offer by Cisco.
Freshers can do CCIE, after their graduation. A fresher CCIE can get 5-6 Lacs annual package in India. This is best salary package offered to a fresher in India after CCIE.
To do CCIE R&S, you need to have good knowledge about CCNA and CCNP Technologies. CCIE R&S Certification is easy to clear if you have good knowledge in core topics like BGP and MPLS. You need to practice on Cisco devices.
To get CCIE R&S Certification, you can do CCNA and CCNP.
Network Bulls is best institute for CCIE Certification in India.
Freshers can do CCIE, after their graduation. A fresher CCIE can get 5-6 Lacs annual package in India. This is best salary package offered to a fresher in India after CCIE.
To do CCIE R&S, you need to have good knowledge about CCNA and CCNP Technologies. CCIE R&S Certification is easy to clear if you have good knowledge in core topics like BGP and MPLS. You need to practice on Cisco devices.
To get CCIE R&S Certification, you can do CCNA and CCNP.
Network Bulls is best institute for CCIE Certification in India.
CCIE Security
CCIE Security
CCIE is World's most respected Certification in IT/Networking. Cisco networking devices covers more than 80% of networking industry in world. A CCIE Security engineers should have knowledge about Routing and Switching technologies, like RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, BGP, STP etc, along with in depth knowledge of Cisco ASA Firewall and VPN's.
Freshers can also do CCIE Security. Its a best option for Btech/BCA and other graduates to do CCIE, instead of doing Masters degrees. A CCIE Security Engineer earns more than MBA, MCA and Mtech engineer.
CCIE Salary in India:
CCIE Security Engineer can expect 7-8 Lacs package per annum as a fresher.
Steps to do CCIE Security:
Candidate need to do CCNA, CCNP, CCNA Security, CCNP Security first. You don't need to go for all Certifications, but knowledge is must for CCIE Security.
After that you can easily do CCIE Security.
In your CCIE Security journey, you should never ignore Routing and Switching. A CCIE Security Candidate should have good knowledge about CCNP technologies.
OSPF
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a classless, link-state routing protocol. The current version of OSPF for IPv4 is OSPFv2 introduced in RFC 1247 and updated in RFC 2328 by John Moy. In 1999, OSPFv3 for IPv6 was published in RFC 2740.
OSPF has a default administrative distance of 110, and is denoted in the routing table with a route source code of O. OSPF is enabled with the router ospf process-id global configuration command. The process-id is locally significant, which means that it does not have to match other OSPF routers in order to establish adjacencies with those neighbors.
The network command used with OSPF has the same function as when used with other IGP routing protocols, but with slightly different syntax.
Router(config-router)#network network-address wildcard-mask area area-id
The wildcard-mask is the inverse of the subnet mask, and the area-id should be set to 0.
OSPF does not use a transport layer protocol, as OSPF packets are sent directly over IP. The OSPF Hello packet is used by OSPF to establish neighbor adjacencies. By default, OSPF Hello packets are sent every 10 seconds on multiaccess and point-to-point segments and every 30 seconds on non-broadcast multiaccess (NBMA) segments (Frame Relay, X.25, ATM). The Dead interval is the period of time an OSPF router will wait before terminating adjacency with a neighbor. The Dead interval is four times the Hello interval, by default. For multiaccess and point-to-point segments, this period is 40 seconds. For NBMA networks, the Dead interval is 120 seconds.
For routers to become adjacent, their Hello interval, Dead interval, network types and subnet masks must match. The show ip ospf neighbors command can be used to verify OSPF adjacencies.
The OSPF router ID is used to uniquely identify each router in the OSPF routing domain. Cisco routers derive the router ID based on three criteria and with the following precedence:
1. Use the IP address configured with the OSPF router-id command.
2. If the router-id is not configured, the router chooses highest IP address of any of its loopback interfaces.
3. If no loopback interfaces are configured, the router chooses highest active IP address of any of its physical interfaces.
RFC 2328 does not specify which values should be used to determine the cost. Cisco IOS uses the cumulative bandwidths of the outgoing interfaces from the router to the destination network as the cost value.
Multiaccess networks can create two challenges for OSPF regarding the flooding of LSAs, including the creation of multiple adjacencies - one adjacency for every pair of routers, and extensive flooding of LSAs (Link-State Advertisements). OSPF elects a DR (Designated Router) to act as collection and distribution point for LSAs sent and received in the multiaccess network. A BDR (Backup Designated Router) is elected to take over the role of the DR should the DR fail. All other routers are known as DROthers. All routers send their LSAs to the DR, which then floods the LSA to all other routers in the multiaccess network.
The router with the highest router ID is the DR, and the router with the second highest router ID is the BDR. This can be superseded by the ip ospf priority command on that interface. By default, the ip ospf priority is "1" on all multiaccess interfaces. If a router is configured with a new priority value, the router with the highest priority value is the DR, and next-highest the BDR. A priority value of "0" means the router is ineligible to become the DR or BDR.
A default route is propagated in OSPF similar to that of RIP. The OSPF router mode command, default-information originate is used to propagate a static default route.
The show ip protocols command is used to verify important OSPF configuration information, including the OSPF process ID, the router ID and the networks the router is advertising.
OSPF has a default administrative distance of 110, and is denoted in the routing table with a route source code of O. OSPF is enabled with the router ospf process-id global configuration command. The process-id is locally significant, which means that it does not have to match other OSPF routers in order to establish adjacencies with those neighbors.
The network command used with OSPF has the same function as when used with other IGP routing protocols, but with slightly different syntax.
Router(config-router)#network network-address wildcard-mask area area-id
The wildcard-mask is the inverse of the subnet mask, and the area-id should be set to 0.
OSPF does not use a transport layer protocol, as OSPF packets are sent directly over IP. The OSPF Hello packet is used by OSPF to establish neighbor adjacencies. By default, OSPF Hello packets are sent every 10 seconds on multiaccess and point-to-point segments and every 30 seconds on non-broadcast multiaccess (NBMA) segments (Frame Relay, X.25, ATM). The Dead interval is the period of time an OSPF router will wait before terminating adjacency with a neighbor. The Dead interval is four times the Hello interval, by default. For multiaccess and point-to-point segments, this period is 40 seconds. For NBMA networks, the Dead interval is 120 seconds.
For routers to become adjacent, their Hello interval, Dead interval, network types and subnet masks must match. The show ip ospf neighbors command can be used to verify OSPF adjacencies.
The OSPF router ID is used to uniquely identify each router in the OSPF routing domain. Cisco routers derive the router ID based on three criteria and with the following precedence:
1. Use the IP address configured with the OSPF router-id command.
2. If the router-id is not configured, the router chooses highest IP address of any of its loopback interfaces.
3. If no loopback interfaces are configured, the router chooses highest active IP address of any of its physical interfaces.
RFC 2328 does not specify which values should be used to determine the cost. Cisco IOS uses the cumulative bandwidths of the outgoing interfaces from the router to the destination network as the cost value.
Multiaccess networks can create two challenges for OSPF regarding the flooding of LSAs, including the creation of multiple adjacencies - one adjacency for every pair of routers, and extensive flooding of LSAs (Link-State Advertisements). OSPF elects a DR (Designated Router) to act as collection and distribution point for LSAs sent and received in the multiaccess network. A BDR (Backup Designated Router) is elected to take over the role of the DR should the DR fail. All other routers are known as DROthers. All routers send their LSAs to the DR, which then floods the LSA to all other routers in the multiaccess network.
The router with the highest router ID is the DR, and the router with the second highest router ID is the BDR. This can be superseded by the ip ospf priority command on that interface. By default, the ip ospf priority is "1" on all multiaccess interfaces. If a router is configured with a new priority value, the router with the highest priority value is the DR, and next-highest the BDR. A priority value of "0" means the router is ineligible to become the DR or BDR.
A default route is propagated in OSPF similar to that of RIP. The OSPF router mode command, default-information originate is used to propagate a static default route.
The show ip protocols command is used to verify important OSPF configuration information, including the OSPF process ID, the router ID and the networks the router is advertising.
Classful and classless Routing Protocols
Classful and Classless
Classful Routing Protocols
Classful routing protocols do not send subnet mask information in routing updates. The first routing protocols such as RIP, were classful. This was at a time when network addresses were allocated based on classes, class A, B, or C. A routing protocol did not need to include the subnet mask in the routing update because the network mask could be determined based on the first octet of the network address.
Classful routing protocols can still be used in some of today's networks, but because they do not include the subnet mask they cannot be used in all situations. Classful routing protocols cannot be used when a network is subnetted using more than one subnet mask, in other words classful routing protocols do not support variable length subnet masks (VLSM).
There are other limitations to classful routing protocols including their inability to support discontiguous networks. Classful routing protocols, discontiguous networks and VLSM will all be discussed in later chapters.
Classful routing protocols include RIPv1 and IGRP.
Classless Routing Protocols
Classless routing protocols include the subnet mask with the network address in routing updates. Today's networks are no longer allocated based on classes and the subnet mask cannot be determined by the value of the first octet. Classless routing protocols are required in most networks today because of their support for VLSM, discontiguous networks and other features which will be discussed in later chapters.
In the figure, notice that the classless version of the network is using both /30 and /27 subnet masks in the same topology. Also notice that this topology is using a discontiguous design..
Classless routing protocols are RIPv2, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS, BGP.
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Fault Tolerant Network Architecture
The Internet, in its early inception, was the result of research funded by the United States Department of Defense (DoD). Its primary goal was to have a communications medium that could withstand the destruction of numerous sites and transmission facilities without disruption of service. It only follows that fault tolerance was the focus of the effort of the initial internetwork design work. Early network researchers looked at the existing communication networks, which were primarily for the transmission of voice traffic, to determine what could be done to improve the fault tolerance level.
Circuit Switched Connection-oriented Networks
To understand the challenge that the DoD researchers were faced with, it is necessary to look at how early telephone systems work. When a person makes a call using a traditional telephone set, the call first goes through a setup process, where all of the telephone switching locations between the person and the phone set that they are calling are identified. A temporary path, or circuit, is created through the various switching locations to use for the duration of the telephone call. If any link or device participating in the circuit fails, the call is dropped. To reconnect, a new call must be made, and a new circuit created between the source telephone set and the destination. This type of connection-oriented network is called a circuit-switched network. Early circuit switched networks did not dynamically recreate dropped circuits. In order to recover from failure, new calls had to be initiated and new circuits built end-to-end.
Many circuit switched networks give priority to maintaining existing circuit connections, at the expense of new circuit requests. In this type of connection-oriented network, once a circuit is established, even if no communication is occurring between the persons on either end of the call, the circuit remains connected and resources reserved until one of the parties disconnects the call. Since there is a finite capacity to create new circuits, it is possible to occasionally get a message that all circuits are busy and a call cannot be placed. The cost to create many alternate paths with enough capacity to support a large number of simultaneous circuits, and the technologies necessary to dynamically recreate dropped circuits in the event of a failure, led the DoD to consider other types of networks.
Packet Switched Connectionless Networks
In the search for a network that could withstand the loss of a significant amount of its transmission and switching facilities, the early Internet designers reevaluated early research regarding packet switched networks. The premise for this type of networks is that a single message can be broken into multiple message blocks. Individual blocks containing addressing information indicates both their origination point and their final destination. Using this embedded information, these message blocks, called packets, can be sent through the network along various paths, and can be reassembled into the original message upon reaching their destination.
Utilizing Packets
The devices within the network itself are unaware of the content of the individual packets, only visible is the address of the final destination and the next device in the path to that destination. No reserved circuit is built between sender and receiver. Each packet is sent independently from one switching location to another. At each location, a routing decision is made as to which path to use to forward the packet towards its final destination. If a previously used path is no longer available, the routing function can dynamically choose the next best available path. Because the messages are sent in pieces, rather than as a single complete message, the few packets that may be lost in the advent of a failure can be retransmitted to the destination along a different path. In many cases, the destination device is unaware that any failure or rerouting has occurred.
Packet-switched Connectionless Networks
The DoD researchers realized that a packet switched connectionless network had the features necessary to support a resilient, fault tolerant network architecture. The need for a single, reserved circuit from end-to-end does not exist in a packet switched network. Any piece of a message can be sent through the network using any available path. Packets containing pieces of messages from different sources can travel the network at the same time. The problem of underutilized or idle circuits is eliminated -- all available resources can be used at any time to deliver packets to their final destination. By providing a method to dynamically use redundant paths, without intervention by the user, the Internet has become a fault tolerant, scalable method of communications.
Connection-oriented Networks
Although packet-switched connectionless networks met the needs of the DoD, and continue to be the primary infrastructure for today's Internet, there are some benefits to a connection-oriented system like the circuit-switched telephone system. Because resources at the various switching locations are dedicated to providing a finite number of circuits, the quality and consistency of messages transmitted across a connection-oriented network can be guaranteed. Another benefit is that the provider of the service can charge the users of the network for the period of time that the connection is active. The ability to charge users for active connections through the network is a fundamental premise of the telecommunication service industry.
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